The meaning of talent, a measure of weight in the Brockhaus and Efron encyclopedia. Monetary units of the new testament Talent measure of the weight of gold in the Bible
Happy Dormition to all. Mother of God!
Undoubtedly, silence, peace and tranquility emanate from this holiday. And the celebration of life after death.
But in connection with the celebration, few of the ministers probably commented on today’s Sunday Gospel reading. Meanwhile, it is remarkable for some details that perhaps many do not pay attention to.
The Kingdom of Heaven is like a king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants;
24 When he began to count, someone was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents;
25 And since he did not have anything to pay with, his sovereign ordered him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and everything that he had, and to pay;
26 Then that servant fell, and, bowing to him, said: Sir! Be patient with me, and I will pay you everything.
27 The sovereign, having mercy on that slave, released him and forgave him the debt.
28 But that servant went out and found one of his companions who owed him a hundred denarii, and he grabbed him and strangled him, saying, “Pay me what you owe.”
29 Then his companion fell at his feet, begging him and saying, “Have patience with me, and I will give you everything.”
30 But he did not want to, but went and put him in prison until he paid off the debt.
31 His comrades, seeing what had happened, were very upset and, when they came, they told their sovereign everything that had happened.
32 Then his master calls him and says: wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you begged me;
33 Shouldn't you also have had mercy on your companion, just as I had mercy on you?
34 And his lord became angry and handed him over to the torturers until he paid him all the debt.
35 So also My heavenly Father will do to you, if each of you does not forgive his brother his sins from his heart(Matt., ch. 18).
Over the years, I have come to the following conclusion: in some cases, the sacred veil, voluntarily or involuntarily, put on the Gospel texts by pious feelings, interferes with their living perception. Eliminates surprise, for example. This cover, sometimes too artificial, prepares in advance to perceive sacred texts as a matter of course, from start to finish. But at the same time, something inevitably slips away, first of all, the vividness of perception! This is approximately how small children perceive various funny stories written for children by adults. But the children themselves are not yet fully mature enough to understand the full poignancy of the stories that are read to them - they still need some time.
Let me explain with a personal example. I remember well how, when I was five years old, my mother or grandmother read “Telephone” by K. Chukovsky or “That’s How Absent-Minded” by S. Marshak.
They read to me:
Instead of a hat on the go
He put on the frying pan.
Instead of felt boots, gloves
He pulled it over his heels.
And I didn’t find it funny at all. I took everything for granted: well, I put it on and put it on...
Not to mention such nuances as “is it possible to stop the train station at the tram?” etc. Then, at the age of 16, I came across this poem, and I burst out laughing, also because I remembered myself then, five years old, not at all reacting to all the amazingness and paradoxicality of the situation described by Marshak, which, on the one hand, is unrealistic exaggerated, but on the other hand, it is vital in its own way and this touches.
This is approximately the same situation with some Gospel parables or individual sharp expressions in them. What are these ten thousand talents?... This is impossibly, unimaginably, infinitely or unrealistically a lot! This doesn't happen in life.
“Talent (ancient Greek τάλαντον, lat. talentum) is a unit of mass and a monetary unit used in ancient times in Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. In the Roman Empire, a talent corresponded to a mass of water equal in volume to one standard amphora (that is, 1 cubic Roman foot, or 26.027 liters). Talent was the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word τάλαντον actually meant “scales”; then “weight”). As a specific unit of weight, talent is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. According to the conclusions of metrologists, the mass of the talent was equal to the mass of the Semitic shekel (sigil, shekel), namely the heavy gold Babylonian shekel, equal to 16.8 kg... If we express these definitions in modern measures, it turns out that the heavy gold talent weighed 50.4 kg, heavy silver talent - 67.2 kg, light talents weighed half as much. Among other eastern (Semitic) peoples, the designations of talent were approximately the same: for example, the Phoenician talent (silver) was equal to 43.59 kg, the Jewish one weighed 44.8 kg, the Persian gold talent weighed 25.2 kg, silver - 33.65 kg, trade - 30.24 kg.”
So, it turns out that 10,000x30 = 300,000 kg or 300 tons. Well, 200... The Tsar Bell in the Moscow Kremlin weighs that much. Or is it a train car full of the same silver? Or maybe two of these cars, three or how many?.. Let’s imagine, how could anyone at that time “owe” such an unaffordable amount, literally? How could he occupy it, and then transport it somewhere to his place, and how many guards and other human resources would it take?.. Or even gradually, but then for how many years and how many times could he borrow such a volume from his master? or/and just steal? Now you can operate billions of dollars cashless and virtually, this is easy to understand. But in those days?...
No, we have to admit that there is obvious grotesque, hyperbole in this parable. Approximately, as Jesus spoke about “faith the size of a mustard seed,” which, if anyone has, then when he says to some mountain, “Move from here to there,” it will be for him.
But one hundred denarii is more than a real amount. Not too (and certainly not fantastically) large, but not so small either. Let us remember from other places in the Gospels that one denarius was a fairly common wage for one workday in the field (see Matthew 20:1-15). For a modest worker of those years, the amount could be quite significant - a three-month salary with continuous work without days off, for example. For our Russian province, we can assume that one day’s earnings will range from 300, 500 and a maximum of 1000 rubles. from modest budget employees. That is, 30,000, 50,000 or 100,000 rubles.
But in the combination of the unreal and the real, the grotesque and the ordinary, as in this parable or in the talented work of art, simple but important truths can be revealed, and when they are presented in such a vividly imaginative form, they are better embedded in the consciousness. Even if individual details, sometimes surprising, slip away. Then the word grows deeper into the person’s heart, and these details can suddenly catch the eye. Well, it is clear that in a deliberately rude form, the king who forgave a slave who owed him an infinite amount in the form of hundreds of tons of silver means God, who forgives no matter how serious a sin or an unbearable debt. It is also clear that neither the wife, nor the children of that slave, nor all his property was comparable to the amount of that debt. And that owner didn’t need anything, he already had everything. Just as each of us can feel like an unpaid debtor to God, on the one hand, while the Creator himself needs nothing from us except a good heart, on the other. But Jesus voices this forgiveness with one simple condition: if the person himself is ready to forgive his debtor. “And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors...” Instead, the forgiven slave, having met his debtor, began not only to demand from him the 100 denarii due to him (three months’ earnings, after all), but first “grabbed him and strangled him,” and then “put him in prison until he paid off the debt.” "
Some scrupulous Orthodox Christians often worry that they cannot forgive their offenders, in the sense that they cannot forget the wounds they once inflicted. Well, it’s clear that this is not the case here at all. Although, on the other hand, the parable was told in connection with the question of St. Peter "Lord! How many times should I forgive my brother who sins against me? up to seven times? Jesus says to him, “I do not say to you, up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven.” That is, no matter how much it is, infinitely. It is clear that the degree of forgiveness and its depth may vary. According to this parable, it will be enough if you don’t demand an ultimatum from the debtor and don’t “strangle” him, if not physically, then verbally! And if the old comes up in memory, well... Our nature is such, the body in particular, that if you inflict a wound on it, then the scar or scar remains forever later life. It also happens that the wound does not heal immediately, but festers or bleeds if it is strong or deep. Such is life...
Talent was the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the actual word τάλαντον meant "scales"; then “cargo”). As a specific unit of weight, talent is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. According to the conclusions of metrologists, the mass of the talent was equal to the mass of the Semitic shekel (sigl, shekel), namely the heavy golden Babylonian shekel, equal to 16.8 g. Homeric talents were produced in the form of oblong round bars, similar to the most ancient gold staters. In addition, in Homeric times, semi-talents weighing 8.4 g were in circulation.
In addition to the Homeric low-weight talent, in the same era a talent was known that corresponded to 3 gold staters or 6 Attic gold drachmas and weighed 26.2 g. It was first mentioned in connection with the victory of the Sicilian Greeks over the Carthaginians under Himera (480 BC. ); then among writers until the 2nd century BC. e. it serves to designate the weight measure of gold objects that were given as rewards (wreaths) or dedicated to temples. Depending on the variable designations of the drachma or mina, in relation to which the talent was a multiple (the talent was divided into 60 minas, the mina into 100 drachmas, that is, there were 6000 drachmas in the talent), the quantitative definition of the talent was very different, especially since it It was used both as a weight and as a monetary unit.
The prototype of the Greek talents was the Babylonian talent, which had the shape of a bronze lion on a stand. The heavy talent weighed 60.4 kg, the light royal talent weighed half as much. The sixtieth part of a mina weighed the same as a Homeric talent (16.8 g) and was the basic smallest unit used to determine the weight of both precious metals and all weighty objects. This weight unit also served as a monetary sign, and 100 such light units (8.4 g each) or 50 heavy ones made up a heavy mine of gold. In turn, the light mine was divided into 50 units or 100 halves. 3000 of these units, heavy or light, constituted a heavy or light talent of gold. Thus, in the Babylonian system of measures banknotes separated from the weight ones, with only 1/60 of the weight mine or 1/50 of the gold mine being common to both systems.
The value of silver banknotes was determined by the ratio that was recognized in ancient times as a norm and according to which one gold coin was equal to 10 equal-size silver coins. However, due to the higher price of gold, instead of a ratio of 1:10, a ratio of 1:13 1/3 was usually found. By weight, the royal talent contained 60 royal minas, or 72 minas of gold, or 54 minas of silver. The ratio of gold talent to royal talent (by weight) was 5:6, silver talent to gold talent 4:3, silver talent to royal talent - 10:9. If we express these definitions in modern measures, it turns out that a heavy gold talent weighed 50.4 kg, a heavy silver talent weighed 67.2 kg, and light talents weighed half as much. Among other eastern (Semitic) peoples, the designations of talent were approximately the same: for example,
TALENT, MEASURE OF WEIGHT
(????????, talentum) ? the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word ???????? actually means “scale”; then “weight”). As a specific weight unit, gold is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. According to the conclusions of the latest metrologists, the weight of T. is equal to the weight of the Semitic shekel (sigl, shekel), namely the heavy golden Babylonian shekel, equal in weight to 16.8 g (3 gold 90.1 dollars), and at the price? 10 rub. (gold). Homeric talents were produced in the form of oblong round bars, similar to the most ancient gold staters. In addition, in Homeric times, semi-talents weighing 8.4 g were in circulation. In addition to the Homeric low-weight T., in historical times there was known T., corresponding to 3 gold staters or 6 Attic gold drachmas and weighing 26.2 g (6 gold. 13.6 dollars). It was first mentioned about the victory of the Sicilian Greeks over the Carthaginians at Himera (480 BC); then among writers until the 2nd century. BC it serves to designate the weight measure of gold objects that were given as rewards (wreaths) or dedicated to temples. Depending on the variable designations of the drachm or mina, in relation to which T. represented a multiple value (T. was divided into 60 min, mina into 100 drachmas, i.e. in T. there were 6000 drachmas), the quantitative definition of T. was very different , especially since it was used both as a weight and as a monetary unit. The prototype of the Greek T. was the Babylonian T., which had the shape of a bronze lion on a stand; heavy T. weighed 60.4 kilos (147.5 lbs.), light royal T.? half as much (about 74 lb.) The sixtieth part of a mine weighed the same as Homer's T. (16.8 g, or 3 gold 90 dollars), and was the main smallest unit, which served for the weight determination of both noble metals and all weighty objects. This weight unit also served as a monetary sign, and 100 such light units (8.4 g each) or 50 heavy units constituted a heavy mine of gold; in turn, a light mine was divided into 50 units or 100 halves. 3000 of these units, heavy or light, constituted heavy or light T. gold. Thus, in the Babylonian system of measures, banknotes were separated from weights, with only 1/60 of a mina of weight or 1/50 of a mina of gold being common to both systems. The value of silver banknotes was determined by the ratio that was recognized in ancient times as a norm and according to which one gold coin was equal to 10 equal-size silver coins; however, due to the higher price of gold, instead of a ratio of 1:10, a ratio of 1:13 1/3 was usually found. By weight, the royal T. contained 60 royal minas, or 72 minas of gold, or 54 minas of silver. The ratio of T. gold to royal T. (by weight) was equal to 5:6, T. silver to T. gold 4:3, T. silver to T. royal T.? 10:9. If we express these definitions in units of modern measures, it turns out that a heavy T. of gold weighed 50.4 kilos (123.1 lb.), a heavy T. of silver? 67.2 kilos (164.1 lb); T.'s lungs weighed half as much. The value of light T. gold would correspond to 17,577 gold metal rubles in our money, the cost of light T. silver? 1512 rub. (gold). Among other eastern (Semitic) peoples, the designations of T. were approximately the same: for example, the Phoenician T. (silver) was equal to 43.59 kilos (106.4 pounds) and cost 1961 rubles. (gold), the Jewish T. weighed 44.8 kilos (109.4 pounds) and cost: gold? 26875 rub. (gold), silver? 2016 rub. (gold); Persian T. gold weighed 25.2 kilos (61.54 lbs.), silver? 33.6 kilos (82.05 lb), trade? 30.24 kilos (73.84 pounds) and cost: gold 15,120 rubles. (gold), silver? 1512 rub. (gold). The oldest system weight measures? Aeginian, the existence of which dates back to the era of Lycurgus and which was adopted in Sparta and Argos (at the beginning of the 7th century),? approaches the Babylonian system: thus, the ratio of the Aegina stater to the Babylonian one is expressed by the ratio of 27 to 25. The price of the ancient Aegina silver T. was 1815 rubles. (gold), later? 1032 rubles, at Solon 1615 rubles. (gold); the weight of the Aegina T. was 36.29 kilos (88.62 lbs.). When Solon introduced a new system of weights and banknotes, the Aegina T. remained in circulation as a trade weight measure (its actual value decreased to 36.156 kilos? 88.3 pounds); The silver t. (Attic or Euboean) as a monetary unit was equated to 26.196 kilos (63.97 pounds) and cost 1,125 rubles. (gold). Since the time of Alexander the Great, the weight of the Attic talent was 25,902 kilos (63.3 lbs.). Wed. Hussey, "Essay on the ancient weights and money, and the Roman and Greek liquid measures" (Oxford, 1836); Boeckh, “Metrologische Untersuchungen über Gewichte, Mu nzfüsse und Masse des Altertums in ihrem Zusammenhange” (B., 1838); Brandis, “Das M u nz-Mass und Gewichtswesen in Vorderasien bis auf Alexander den Grossen” (B., 1866); Lenormant, "La monnaie dans l"antiquit e" (P., 1878?79); F. Hultsch, "Griechi sche und Ro mische Metrologie" (B., 1882); Wex, "Metrologie Grecque et Romaine" (P. , 1886). The remains of the metrological literature of antiquity were collected and commented by Hultsch in his publication: “Metrologicorum Scriptorum reliquiae” (Lpts., 1864, 1866).
Brockhaus and Efron. Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what TALENT, MEASURE OF WEIGHT is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- TALENT, MEASURE OF WEIGHT
(?????????, talentum) - the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word ???????? actually means “scales”; then “load”). How a certain weight... - TALENT in Wiki Quotebook:
Data: 2008-11-20 Time: 12:59:07 = Poems... - MEASURE in Wiki Quotebook:
Data: 2007-08-28 Time: 07:47:24 * Wine is our friend, but there is deceit in it: If you drink a lot, it’s poison, a little... - MEASURE in the Newest Philosophical Dictionary:
a philosophical category traditionally used in the context of displaying the relationship and interdependence of quantitative and qualitative changes. A similar approach in M.’s interpretation was... - TALENT
(Greek talanton - scales) - the largest monetary unit Ancient Greece, Egypt, Asia Minor. Introduced by Solon's reform in 594... - MEASURE in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
COSTS - one of the functions of money - the units in which prices are measured and accounting is kept... - MEASURE in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
PRESS - in criminal proceedings - measures of procedural coercion provided for by law, applied to the accused if there are sufficient grounds to believe that ... - MEASURE in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
PUNISHMENTS - in criminal law - a punishment of a certain type and amount, imposed on a convicted person by a court verdict on the basis of the sanction of a specific norm... - TALENT in the Bible Encyclopedia of Nikephoros:
(Exodus 38:25-29, Matthew 18:29) - a Jewish counting coin equal to 60 minas, or 6,000 drachmas, or 3,000 holy coins. shekelam. Like everyone else... - TALENT
- TALENT in Statements of famous people:
- TALENT
is the infinite ability to imitate genius. ... - TALENT in the Dictionary One sentence, definitions:
- it is easy to do what is difficult for others. Henri... - TALENT in Aphorisms and clever thoughts:
it is the infinite ability to imitate genius. ... - TALENT in Aphorisms and clever thoughts:
it is easy to do what is difficult for others. Henri... - TALENT in the Ancient Egyptian dictionary-reference book:
one of the measurements of mass. = 42.5 kg cm. Measures of mass V. D. Gladky " Ancient World" Volume … - MEASURE in the Dictionary of Alcoholic Beverages:
- amount drunk. In the USSR and present-day Russia they drank and still drink a hundred (100 grams). In Europe the accepted dose for... - TALENT
outstanding abilities, a high degree of talent in any... - MEASURE in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(Mera) Juan Leon (1832-94) Ecuadorian politician, romantic writer. President of the Senate and minister in the government of G. Garcia Moreno. Poems (collection "Native... - TALENT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
Talent (talanton, talentum) is the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the actual word talanton means “scales.” then “weight.” As a certain weight unit, ... - MEASURE R. in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
river; cm. … - MEASURE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
in monuments this name was attached to the quadrangle and other units of capacity. But there were also actual measures; so, in 1407... - TALENT in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- TALENT
the largest weight (mass) and monetary unit of ancient Greece, Egypt, Babylon, Persia and a number of other regions of the Lesser ... - TALENT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
I a, m. 1. Outstanding innate qualities, natural talent in some way. respect. T. actor. Musical t. Talented - having talent, ... - TALENT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -a, m. 1. Outstanding innate qualities, special natural abilities. T. actor. Musical vol. 2. A person with such qualities and abilities. ... - MEASURE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MEPA, -y, ac. 1. Unit of measurement. Square measures. M. length. M. weight. 2. Border, limit manifestations of something. Know when to stop. Feeling … - TALENT
TALENT (Greek talanton, lit. - weight, scales), the largest weight (mass) and monetary counting unit. Greece, Egypt, Babylon, Persia and... - TALENT in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
TALENT, outstanding abilities, high degree of talent in a class. ... - MEASURE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MEASURE OF ACCURACY, characteristic h of the scattering of random variable values; is related to the square deviation s by the formula h... - MEASURE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
PRESENTATION MEASURE, in the corners. process, a way to suppress the attempts of the accused to hide from the inquiry, investigation and trial, to interfere with the proceedings in a criminal case, ... - MEASURE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MERA, philosopher. a category expressing the unity of quality and quantity of an object; indicates the limit beyond which a change in quantity entails a change in quality... - MEASURE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MERA (obsolete), in Russia, a container for measuring liquid and granular bodies. Usually equal to four (26.24 ... - MEASURE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MERA (Mera) Juan Leon (1832-94), Ecuadorian politician. activist, romantic writer. Prev. Senate and Min. in the production of G. Garcia Moreno. Poems (sat. ... - MEASURE
? river; cm. … - MEASURE in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
? in monuments this name was attached to the quadrangle and other units of capacity. But there were actual measures; so, in 1407... - TALENT
tala"nt, tala"nty, tala"nta, tala"ntov, tala"ntu, tala"ntam, tala"nt, tala"nty, tala"ntom, tala"ntami, tala"nte, ... - MEASURE in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
me"ra, me"ry, me"ry, me"r, me"re, me"ram, me"ru, me"ry, me"roy, me"royu, me"rami, me"re, ... - TALENT in the Dictionary of epithets:
Brilliant, brilliant, big, inspired, magnificent, prominent, delightful, outstanding, tall, ingenious, flexible, deep, huge, rough, marvelous, wild, kind, natural, wonderful, mature, ... - MEASURE in the Dictionary of epithets:
An action aimed at achieving something; punishment (usually in the plural). Active, urgent, prudent, forced, supreme, effective, democratic, dictatorial, draconian, iron, ... - MEASURE in the Anagram Dictionary.
- TALENT in the Popular Explanatory Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Language:
-a, m. 1) Outstanding innate qualities, abilities, high degree of talent. Musician's talent. Acting talent. Poetic talent. He saw clearly...
Talent (τάλαντον, talentum) - the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word τάλαντου actually means “scales”; then “weight”). As a specific weight unit, gold is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. According to the findings of the latest metrologists, the weight of T. is equal to the weight of the Semitic shekel (sigl, shekel), namely the heavy golden Babylonian shekel, equal in weight to 16.8 g (3 gold 90.1 dollars), and at a price of 10 rubles. (gold). Homeric talents were produced in the form of oblong round bars, similar to the most ancient gold staters. In addition, in Homeric times, semi-talents weighing 8.4 g were in circulation. In addition to the Homeric low-weight T., in historical times there was known T., corresponding to 3 gold staters or 6 Attic gold drachmas and weighing 26.2 g (6 gold. 13.6 dollars). It was first mentioned about the victory of the Sicilian Greeks over the Carthaginians at Himera (480 BC); then among writers until the 2nd century. BC it serves to designate the weight measure of gold objects that were given as rewards (wreaths) or dedicated to temples. Depending on the variable designations of the drachm or mina, in relation to which T. represented a multiple value (T. was divided into 60 min, mina into 100 drachmas, i.e. in T. there were 6000 drachmas), the quantitative definition of T. was very different , especially since it was used both as a weight and as a monetary unit. The prototype of the Greek T. was the Babylonian T., which had the shape of a bronze lion on a stand; the heavy T. weighed 60.4 kilos (147.5 pounds), the light royal T. - half as much (about 74 pounds). The sixtieth part of the mine weighed the same as the Homeric T. (16.8 g, or 3 gold. 90 dollars), and was the main smallest unit that served for the weight determination of both precious metals and all weighty objects. This weight unit also served as a monetary sign, and 100 such light units (8.4 g each) or 50 heavy units constituted a heavy mine of gold; in turn, a light mine was divided into 50 units or 100 halves. 3000 of these units, heavy or light, constituted heavy or light T. gold. Thus, in the Babylonian system of measures, banknotes were separated from weights, with only 1/60 of a mina of weight or 1/50 of a mina of gold being common to both systems. The value of silver banknotes was determined by the ratio that was recognized in ancient times as a norm and according to which one gold coin was equal to 10 equal-size silver coins; however, due to the higher price of gold, instead of a ratio of 1:10, a ratio of 1:13⅓ was usually found. By weight, the royal T. contained 60 royal minas, or 72 minas of gold, or 54 minas of silver. The ratio of T. gold to royal T. (by weight) was equal to 5:6, T. silver to T. gold 4:3, T. silver to Tsar T. - 10:9. If we express these definitions in units of modern measures, it turns out that a heavy T. of gold weighed 50.4 kilos (123.1 pounds), a heavy T. of silver - 67.2 kilos (164.1 pounds); T.'s lungs weighed half as much. The value of light T. gold would correspond to 17,577 gold metal rubles in our money, the cost of light T. silver would correspond to 1,512 rubles. (gold). Among other eastern (Semitic) peoples, the designations of T. were approximately the same: for example, the Phoenician T. (silver) was equal to 43.59 kilos (106.4 pounds) and cost 1961 rubles. (gold), the Jewish T. weighed 44.8 kilos (109.4 pounds) and cost: gold - 26,875 rubles. (gold), silver - 2016 rub. (gold); Persian T. gold weighed 25.2 kilos (61.54 pounds), silver - 33.6 kilos (82.05 pounds), trade - 30.24 kilos (73.84 pounds) and cost: gold 15,120 rubles . (gold), silver - 1512 rubles. (gold). The oldest system of weights - the Aeginaan system, the existence of which dates back to the era of Lycurgus and which was adopted in Sparta and Argos (at the beginning of the 7th century) - is close to the Babylonian system: thus, the ratio of the Aegina stater to the Babylonian one is expressed by the ratio 27 to 25. Price Ancient Aegina silver T. was 1815 rubles. (gold), later - 1032 rubles, under Solon 1615 rubles. (gold); the weight of the Aegina T. was 36.29 kilos (88.62 lbs.). When Solon introduced a new system of weights and banknotes, the Aegina T. remained in circulation as a trade weight measure (its actual value decreased to 36.156 kilos - 88.3 pounds); The silver t. (Attic or Euboean) as a monetary unit was equated to 26.196 kilos (63.97 pounds) and cost 1,125 rubles. (gold). Since the time of Alexander the Great, the weight of the Attic talent was 25,902 kilos (63.3 lbs.). Wed. Hussey, “Essay on the ancient weights and money, and the Roman and Greek liquid measures” (Oxford, 1836); Boeckh, “Metrologische Untersuchungen über Gewichte, Münzfüsse und Masse des Altertums in ihrem Zusammenhange” (B., 1838); Brandis, “Das Münz-Mass und Gewichtswesen in Vorderasien bis auf Alexander den Grossen” (B., 1866); Lenormant, " La monnaie dans l'antiquité"(P., 1878-79); F. Hultsch, “Griechische und Römische Metrologie” (B., 1882); Wex, “Metrologie Grecque et Romaine” (P., 1886). The remains of the metrological literature of antiquity were collected and commented by Hultsch in his publication: “Metrologicorum Scriptorum reliquiae” (Lpts., 1864, 1866).
Talent is a measure of weight (τάλαντον, talentum) - the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word τάλαντου actually means “scales”; then “weight”). As a specific weight unit, gold is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. According to the findings of the latest metrologists, the weight of T. is equal to the weight of the Semitic shekel (sigl, shekel), namely the heavy golden Babylonian shekel, equal in weight to 16.8 g (3 gold 90.1 dollars), and at a price of 10 rubles. (gold). Homeric talents were produced in the form of oblong round bars, similar to the most ancient gold staters. In addition, in Homeric times, semi-talents weighing 8.4 g were in circulation. In addition to the Homeric low-weight T., in historical times there was known T., corresponding to 3 gold staters or 6 Attic gold drachmas and weighing 26.2 g (6 gold. 13.6 dollars). It was first mentioned about the victory of the Sicilian Greeks over the Carthaginians at Himera (480 BC); then among writers until the 2nd century. BC it serves to designate the weight measure of gold objects that were given as rewards (wreaths) or dedicated to temples. Depending on the variable designations of the drachm or mina, in relation to which T. represented a multiple value (T. was divided into 60 min, mina into 100 drachmas, i.e. in T. there were 6000 drachmas), the quantitative definition of T. was very different , especially since it was used both as a weight and as a monetary unit. The prototype of the Greek T. was the Babylonian T., which had the shape of a bronze lion on a stand; the heavy T. weighed 60.4 kilos (147.5 pounds), the light royal T. - half as much (about 74 pounds). The sixtieth part of the mine weighed the same as the Homeric T. (16.8 g, or 3 gold. 90 dollars), and was the main smallest unit that served for the weight determination of both precious metals and all weighty objects. This weight unit also served as a monetary sign, and 100 such light units (8.4 g each) or 50 heavy units constituted a heavy mine of gold; in turn, a light mine was divided into 50 units or 100 halves. 3000 of these units, heavy or light, constituted heavy or light T. gold. Thus, in the Babylonian system of measures, banknotes were separated from weights, with only 1/60 of a mina of weight or 1/50 of a mina of gold being common to both systems. The value of silver banknotes was determined by the ratio that was recognized in ancient times as a norm and according to which one gold coin was equal to 10 equal-size silver coins; however, due to the higher price of gold, instead of a ratio of 1:10, a ratio of 1:13 1/3 was usually found. By weight, the royal T. contained 60 royal minas, or 72 minas of gold, or 54 minas of silver. The ratio of T. gold to royal T. (by weight) was equal to 5:6, T. silver to T. gold 4:3, T. silver to Tsar T. - 10:9. If we express these definitions in units of modern measures, it turns out that a heavy T. of gold weighed 50.4 kilos (123.1 pounds), a heavy T. of silver - 67.2 kilos (164.1 pounds); T.'s lungs weighed half as much. The value of light T. gold would correspond to 17,577 gold metal rubles in our money, the cost of light T. silver would correspond to 1,512 rubles. (gold). Among other eastern (Semitic) peoples, the designations of T. were approximately the same: for example, the Phoenician T. (silver) was equal to 43.59 kilos (106.4 pounds) and cost 1961 rubles. (gold), the Jewish T. weighed 44.8 kilos (109.4 pounds) and cost: gold - 26,875 rubles. (gold), silver - 2016 rub. (gold); Persian T. gold weighed 25.2 kilos (61.54 pounds), silver - 33.6 kilos (82.05 pounds), trade - 30.24 kilos (73.84 pounds) and cost: gold 15,120 rubles . (gold), silver - 1512 rubles. (gold). The oldest system of weights - the Aeginaan system, the existence of which dates back to the era of Lycurgus and which was adopted in Sparta and Argos (at the beginning of the 7th century) - is close to the Babylonian system: thus, the ratio of the Aegina stater to the Babylonian one is expressed by the ratio 27 to 25. Price Ancient Aegina silver T. was 1815 rubles. (gold), later - 1032 rubles, at Solon 1615 rubles. (gold); the weight of the Aegina T. was 36.29 kilos (88.62 lbs.). When Solon introduced a new system of weights and banknotes, the Aegina T. remained in circulation as a trade weight measure (its actual value decreased to 36.156 kilos - 88.3 pounds); The silver t. (Attic or Euboean) as a monetary unit was equated to 26.196 kilos (63.97 pounds) and cost 1,125 rubles. (gold). Since the time of Alexander the Great, the weight of the Attic talent was 25,902 kilos (63.3 lbs.). Wed. Hussey, "Essay on the ancient weights and money, and the Roman and Greek liquid measures" (Oxford, 1836); Boeckh, “Metrologische Untersuchungen über Gewichte, Mü nzfüsse und Masse des Altertums in ihrem Zusammenhange” (B., 1838); Brandis, “Das M ü nz-Mass und Gewichtswesen in Vorderasien bis auf Alexander den Grossen” (B., 1866); Lenormant, "La monnaie dans l"antiquit é" (P., 1878-79); F. Hultsch, "Griechi sche und Rö mische Metrologie" (B., 1882); Wex, "Metrologie Grecque et Romaine" (P. , 1886). The remains of the metrological literature of antiquity are collected and commented by Hultsch in his publication: “Metrologicorum Scriptorum reliquiae” (Lpts. , 1864, 1866).
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Encyclopedic Dictionary F. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron. - S.-Pb.: Brockhaus-Efron. 1890-1907 .
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- (τάλαντον, talentum) the highest weight unit in the table of Greek measures (the word τάλαντου actually means scales; then load). As a specific weight unit, gold is already mentioned in Homer, and everywhere the object being weighed is gold. By … Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron
Contents 1 Units of measurement of mass 1.1 The metric system 1.2 Measures of mass in science ... Wikipedia
- (Latin talentum, from Greek actually scales). 1) a certain amount of money among the ancient Jews, as well as weight = approx. 3 poods. 2) weight of silver among the Greeks = approx. 1.5 pounds. 3) weight in Greece and the Ionian. spicy = 100 English lb. 4) talent, ability to do what... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Talanta, m. [Greek. talenton, lit. weight, scales]. 1. units only Talent, giftedness, outstanding natural abilities. “Your art, your talent was honored with an equal tribute.” Nekrasov. || more often plural In general, the ability to do something, the ability to do something. do… … Dictionary Ushakova
talent- a, m. 1) Outstanding innate qualities, abilities, high degree of talent. Musician's talent. Acting talent. Poetic talent. He clearly saw that all this impetuosity, fever and impatience is nothing more than... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
Talent- during the earthly life of Jesus Christ, talent was equal to 1.29 Russian royal rubles. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a monetary unit only once: in the Savior’s parable about the talents (Gospel of Matthew, 25, 14–30). In other cases... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia
I talent I, b. p.a measure of weight, New. head, Matt. 25, 15 et seq. (in Leskov and others), Russian. Tslav., st. glory talent τάλαντον (Zogr., Mar., Ostrom.). From Greek τάλαντον scales; monetary unit of account from ταλαντ carrier; see Vasmer, Gr. sl. this.… … Etymological dictionary Russian language by Max Vasmer
talent (1)- (Greek monetary unit). Borrowing from Art. sl. language, where the talent is Greek. talanton “monetary unit” “measure of weight” (gold, silver) “scales” (from talanteuō “shaking, shaking” “weighing”). Wed. Gospel parable about the one buried in the ground... ... Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language
Tal'ant was a monetary unit and measure of weight in ancient times, equal to 3000 shekels (36 kg) (Ex. 38:25 26) (cf. 2 Kings 5:23). In some places, it is obviously used figuratively (2 Samuel 12:30; Rev. 16:21). This word is only thanks to the parable of the Savior... ... Bible. Dilapidated and New Testaments. Synodal translation. Biblical encyclopedia arch. Nikifor.
talent- Greek – talanton (monetary unit, “scales”, “bearer”). In Rus', the word was used in Church Slavonic and Old Slavonic languages in the meaning of “measure of weight” from the 11th–12th centuries. Along with this meaning, the word was also used in a figurative sense - ... ... Semenov Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language