Selecting a surface pump. How to install a surface pump correctly? Surface water pump how to choose

Suburban construction is gaining momentum every year. It allows you to solve the housing problem, guarantees fresh air and beautiful view from the window. True, there are big problems with infrastructure in most cottage villages. Water supply is one of the most important. The well, of course, partially solves it, but the townspeople, accustomed to comfort, are not ready to put up with such a solution. Almost every site is installed or is already functioning autonomous system water supply Somewhere at their base there are wells, somewhere there are wells. In the latter case, surface pumps for summer cottages are the best option. Firstly, they are affordable and easy to maintain. Secondly, with a pumping station you can create comfortable living conditions. Everyone will be provided with water: the kitchen, the bathhouse, and the garden.

Purpose and design of a surface pump

The surface pump does not require immersion; only the water intake hose is lowered into the water. The maximum depth it can handle is nine meters. Therefore, it is not suitable for a well, but for a shallow well or spring it is just right. In addition, such a pump copes well with pumping water from basements and irrigation personal plot. Surface pumps are also great for wells on quicksand.

The maximum depth from which a surface pump can lift water is about seven meters. In this case, it is necessary to observe the “vertical-horizontal” ratio: for one meter of vertical there are four meters of horizontal

Surface pumps can be of three types:

• vortex;
• centrifugal;
• pumps with external ejector.

The first ones are the most affordable and compact. They create pressure 3-7 times higher than similar centrifugal ones, but have low efficiency - only forty-five percent. They cannot be used for pumping water containing large amounts of sand or other impurities, as this will lead to rapid wear of the impellers. Such a pump lifts water through a rotating shaft and a wheel on which “blades” are located. The latter transfer energy to the water from the working axis.

The latter are also not suitable for supplying heavily contaminated water, but they do an excellent job of removing air bubbles and plugs in the system. They are more expensive than vortex ones because they have more stages. This design works thanks to wheels that build up pressure. They are driven by a working shaft supported by bearing systems.

Installing an ejector significantly increases the maximum suction depth of a surface pump, but reduces its efficiency

Pumps with an external ejector are now practically not used. They have been replaced by submersible pumps, whose productivity is much higher.

There is a large assortment on the market submersible pumps. There are reviews of some of them on our website. For example, the “Rucheek” unit: .

Detailed Analysis: Pros and Cons of Surface Pumps

Surface pumps have many advantages:

• Compact overall dimensions;
• Light weight;
• Affordability;
• Easy to install, operate and maintain. Installing a surface pump does not require special knowledge, skills and experience;
• Ability to work with a water layer of less than 80 cm. In such conditions, submersible pumps can no longer operate;
• Cooling by air, and not by water, like submersible ones;
• High water pressure;
• High efficiency;
• No need to supply electricity to the water intake;
• High reliability and durability;
• Stable operation even in the presence of air pockets in the system.

Also, surface pumps (as a class of equipment) have a number of disadvantages:

• Sensitivity to the presence of sand, impurities and other water contaminants;
• The maximum depth from which water can be raised is about nine meters;
• When using an ejector, the reliability and performance of the system are significantly reduced;
• Noise. It is better to allocate a separate room for the operation of the surface pump;
• The need to fill the suction line with water.

What to consider when choosing a specific model?

Depending on the purpose for which a surface pump is purchased, the characteristics that you should focus on differ.

Pump for watering a personal plot

In this case, the main equipment parameters are:

• Performance. To water a garden, one cubic meter per hour is enough;
• The suction depth at which the equipment will be operated. The surface pump lifts water from a maximum depth of nine meters. In this case, you should remember the vertical-horizontal ratio, which is one to four. When working at a depth of two meters, the pump must be eight meters away from the well. If the suction depth exceeds four meters (or total length supply line is more than twelve meters), the pipe clearance should be increased by ¼ inch;
• Pressure You should focus on the most distant point of consumption.

Using a surface pump, you can easily organize watering of your garden plot. The equipment is easy to install and does not require special installation skills

To connect a surface pump, the following components are needed: hoses (for water intake and for irrigation); fitting for connecting the hose and pump; check valve and a mesh filter, which is installed on the check valve and traps sand and solid particles.

High-quality hoses are the basis of a good water supply for watering the garden. You can find out which pipes are best to choose for these purposes in our material:.

Pump for home water supply system

When choosing a surface pump intended for water supply country house, you need to focus on the volume of water consumed, the number of consumption points and the required pressure in the system.

Designing a home water supply system based on a surface pump requires taking into account the volume of water consumed and the number of flow points

To simplify calculations, you can take the following values:

• A house for a family of four consumes 3 m 3 per hour;
• House for two families - 5 m 3 / hour;
• House for four families - 6 m 3 per hour;
• Personal plot - about one cubic meter per hour.

In dry times, water consumption can increase significantly; on hot days, 40-55% more than usual will be spent on watering alone.

In addition to these parameters, you need to pay attention to. If the value is set to 3.5 atmospheres, then the maximum pressure in the system must be greater than the total horizontal and vertical pressure of the supply line (distance to water plus 45-50 meters). A distance of 10 meters vertically or 100 meters horizontally equates to a pressure of one atmosphere.

To organize water supply at home, in addition to the pump itself, you will need the following components:

• Connection fitting;
• Inlet and outlet hose;
• Check valve with strainer;
• A hydraulic accumulator, the role of which is played by a tank with a capacity of 30-60 liters. It must maintain pressure in the system;
• Flexible line for connecting the pump and tank;
• Five-pin adapter for the second output;
• Pressure gauge;
• . It connects to a five-pin adapter. It sets the pressure values ​​at which the pump will turn on or off.

How to connect and start the pump?

The choice of pumping equipment is only the first, albeit important, stage. Next, close attention should be paid to the connection diagram of the surface pump and its first start-up. The service life of the equipment depends on this.

The surface pump must be placed on a stable surface before being connected. The equipment should be firmly secured to it to avoid possible displacement of the housing during operation. Then the incoming line is installed. A check valve is connected to the hose on one side (it is then immersed thirty centimeters in water), and on the other, the pump itself. The horizontal section of the hose must have a slope towards the water intake. When connecting components, you need to use fum tape or sealing flax.

The next step is filling the system with water. It is necessary to completely drain the incoming line and the pump. After this, the station is connected to the water supply distribution in the house. Be sure to close the filler hole if the pump was filled through it. The air pressure in the hydraulic accumulator is checked and brought to threshold values. The pump is connected to the electrical network. The entire line should gradually fill with water, then the accumulator tank. Once the pressure in the system reaches 2.6-3.0 atmospheres, the pump should automatically turn off.

To check the water pressure, you need to open any tap. Using the pressure gauge, you need to track the pressure value at which the pump will turn on again. If it differs from that recommended in the instructions, you need to adjust the switch and double-check everything again. After this, the system is ready for operation.

Lack of system outside the city centralized water supply forces owners of houses and dachas to look for alternative options. Wells and boreholes become the main sources of water, but pumps are responsible for delivering liquid to the house. One of the most popular types in lately steel surface models. They have a number of advantages over submersible units. A distinctive feature of surface pumps is their location outside the water. This can be a permanently installed unit or a mobile station. It is enough to lower the hose into the water to start raising water. With the help of pumps of this type, it is possible not only to provide water to the house, but also to drain stormwater or sewage. When choosing a device, it is important to pay attention to several technical characteristics.

1. One of the fundamental quantities is the depth of liquid rise. This parameter allows you to determine the suitability of the pump for a particular situation.
2. Surface pumps often operate in an extensive water supply system. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate whether the maximum pressure of the device is enough for effective water supply or irrigation.
3. The longevity of the pump depends on the quality of the main parts. The body is most often made of cast iron; spare parts made of stainless steel allow it to resist corrosion for a long time.
4. Any pump will have to be serviced or repaired over time. Not every owner is able to cope with this task on his own. Therefore, it is worth inquiring about the availability of a service center nearby.
5. As for the availability of additional options, each buyer chooses a package to suit his needs. If it is possible to periodically monitor the operation of the device, then automatic assistants are unlikely to be needed. You can save a lot of money on this.

Our review includes the best surface water pumps. When compiling the rating, the following criteria were taken into account:

• appointment;
• technical specifications;
• price;
• expert opinion;
• user reviews.

Best Conventional Surface Pumps

Conventional surface pumps are installed outside the source, connecting the device to it using a conventional hose. In case of year-round use of the pump, it is necessary to provide protection for the housing from low temperatures, since water frozen inside the working cavity can lead to breakdown. Typically, the power of a household surface pump is designed to pump water from a depth of up to 10 meters. The advantages of such devices are simple installation, primitive design and high mobility.

4 SPERONI KPM 50

High build quality
Country: Italy
Average price: 4,649 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.4

European manufacturers are widely known around the world for the build quality of their products. Rate it by appearance surface pump is not possible. Therefore, let’s look at customer reviews, and they are mostly positive. Despite the fact that the equipment costs slightly more than analogues produced in Russia, it is completely worth the money. As people who have already bought this pump and use it in everyday life say, it lasts a very long time and does not require repairs.

As for the technical characteristics, they are also within the normal range. The depth of the well is up to 7 meters, and the height of water rise is up to 32 meters. Some similar models have higher indicators, but often they are simply unnecessary. Energy consumption is also within normal limits - 370 watts per hour. As for the disadvantages, besides the fact that the pump can only work with clean water, dirty liquid is destructive for it, like temperature environment, which should be no higher than 40 degrees, which for some southern regions of Russia is not something out of the ordinary.

3 GILEX Jumbo 60/35 N-K

Operates at 1°C
Country: Russia
Average price: 6,649 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.0

The universal pump GILEKS Jumbo 60/35 N-K closes the top three best conventional surface pumps. This is the optimal model in terms of price, performance and quality. Thanks to a power of 600 W, the device provides a performance of 3.6 cubic meters. m/hour, allowing the pump to be used as the main one to supply a house or area with water. Among its competitors according to the rating, it creates a maximum pressure of 35 meters, which can be adjusted. It has a built-in ejector, which greatly simplifies installation.

The strengths of this model include the presence of all automation included, the absence of a built-in check valve and a standard pressure gauge. Distinctive feature The device is able to work with water whose temperature is only 1 °C, which allows the device to be used in extreme conditions. Among the disadvantages are noisy operation and a plastic outlet for the hose, which you need to be careful with so as not to damage it.

2 Kraton PWP-370

Best price. Reliable brand
Country: Russia
Average price: RUB 2,053.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The Russian company Kraton produces a wide range of equipment, including some of the best surface water pumps. For example, this model is capable of lifting water from a well up to 8 meters deep and directing it further to a height of up to 30 meters. The figures are very high, as is the power consumption of the pump, which here is 370 watts. In principle, this level of consumption is not critical, but it should be taken into account when purchasing such equipment for the home.

It should also be noted the reliability of this pump and its long service life, which real customers often write about in reviews. In addition to the powerful rotary engine, which itself rarely fails even at maximum loads, there is a protection system installed here that prevents overheating of the motor and regulates the incoming power. You will also be pleased with the price, which is much lower than that of famous foreign manufacturers, who often increase the price tag only because of the fame and popularity of the brand.

1 Grundfos MQ 3-35

Best technical characteristics
Country: Denmark
Average price: 20,180 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.5

The rating of the best conventional surface pumps is headed by the Grundfos MQ 3-35 model. The powerful (850 W) device provides a throughput of 3.9 cubic meters. m/hour, which allows uninterrupted supply of water to the whole house. To increase the pressure in the pipelines, a pressure increase function is provided. The maximum immersion depth of the hose is 8 meters, so the pump can be used to pump water from wells and deep wells.

Among the advantages of this model, buyers note high reliability, unpretentiousness to external conditions and quiet operation. The maximum water temperature with which the pump can operate is 35 degrees. The provided dry-running protection will save the pump in case of an unexpected failure in the water supply. Convenient electronic shutdown allows you to quickly pause the device. Disadvantages include overpricing and unstable operation after long periods of inactivity.

Video review

The best circulation pumps for heating

Heating circulation pumps are used for forced circulation water in a circle. The devices can also work with hot water, since their main area of ​​application is heating systems. The devices create pressure differences that help the fluid overcome the resistance created in the pipe. When choosing a circulation pump, you should pay attention to the pressure created, which determines how much large systems can service the device, performance and maximum temperature water with which the device is capable of working.

The leader in the number of sales of surface circulation pumps is the company "Grundfos" . Grundfos is a Danish concern, the most popular and reputable company for the production of pumping units. The production volume is more than 16 million products per year. The company's head office is located in Denmark, and its main production facilities are located in Germany. Therefore, Grundfos pumps are often called German, as evidenced by the high build quality. In 2005, a plant for the production of Grundfos pumps was opened in Russia (Moscow region).

4 JEMIX WRF 50/16

The most powerful pump
Country: Russia
Average price: RUB 15,752.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Are you looking for the most powerful surface pump capable of creating water pressure at a height of 12 meters? Then be sure to pay attention to this model. A powerful half-kilowatt engine is installed here, and the throughput of the device is as much as 10 cubic meters per hour. Yes, such indicators are unlikely to be needed in a small house, so this pump is better classified as industrial. You should also understand that such a powerful motor cannot operate silently, and installing it directly in the house is not the best idea.

We should also talk about the build quality and reliability of the pump. There are no fragile plastic parts here. The entire structure is made exclusively of metal, and accordingly has a long service life. Also, the throughput of the device will allow dirty water to be driven through it, although manufacturers do not recommend this. This model is also perfect for those who need to lift water from a well from great depths. Most models of surface pumps have a limit of 5-7 meters, which is very small for some regions of the country.

3 UNIPUMP LPA 25-60

Convenient setup. Electronic scoreboard
Country: Russia
Average price: 7,075 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.6

One of the most popular Russian manufacturers, for many years now, occupying leading positions in many ratings. The company produces many options, including drainage pumps and surface pumps for heating. We have one of them in front of us, and we can call it the best, at least for the presence of an electronic scoreboard and precise settings. It's no secret that pumps are always taken with a reserve, and they work for full power, consuming energy and producing its resource to the maximum, even when it is not necessary.

Here you have the opportunity to independently configure the device at your discretion, and this will significantly save electricity and the overall life of the pump. All data is displayed on an electronic display, and the settings are intuitive, even if you have no previous experience with such devices. In fact, this pump can be called the best, if not for the rather average characteristics, such as a water rise of only 4 meters, and a throughput of no more than 2 cubic meters per hour.

2 VORTEX TsN-32-4

Best value for money
Country: Russia
Average price: 1,980 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.8

A surface pump doesn't have to be expensive, and this model is proof of that. Only 2 thousand rubles for a full-fledged heating pump, and that’s best price on the market. The technical characteristics here are also at a high level. The height of water rise is up to 7 meters, and the maximum productivity is up to 2.5 cubic meters per hour. This is not the highest figure, but it should be noted that there are a lot of much more expensive models with such characteristics.

As for the build quality, we traditionally turn to reviews from real customers, of which there are a lot on the Internet. Most of them are positive, and praise both the build quality and the quiet operation of the pump itself. By the way, silence is one of the most important criteria when choosing. The materials from which the device is made are also noted. It is metal, which ensures a long service life. As for the shortcomings, here is the absence of a power cord from the mains in the kit. To be honest, we don’t understand why the manufacturer removed such a necessary element from the kit.

1 Grundfos UPA 15-90

The most popular circulation pump for heating
Country: Denmark
Average price: RUB 5,754.
Rating (2019): 4.0

The leader in the ranking of the best circulation pumps for heating is the Grundfos UPA 15-90 model. This is the most popular device on the market, as evidenced by the large number of positive reviews. With relatively small dimensions, the device boasts a power of 118 W, which significantly surpasses its competitors. If necessary, it is possible to increase the pressure using a special regulator. The throughput is low - only 1.5 cubic meters. m/hour, but it is enough to heat any apartment.

The advantages of this model according to customers are high reliability, quiet operation and ease of installation. In addition, the pump is equipped with dry-running protection, which will automatically turn it off if there is no water supply. The device operates in a temperature range from 2 to 60 degrees. The disadvantage is inconvenient manual control. Based on all the parameters, this is the best circulation pump for heating.

The best sewer installations

Sewage installations are used to collect and dispose of wastewater. The devices have a sealed housing and small dimensions. They are used in cases where it is not possible to drain by gravity waste water. The main advantage of the installations is that there is no need for maintenance. The device self-cleans after emptying, which eliminates penetration unpleasant odors into a living space.

4 CNP 50WQ 8-15-1.1

Powerful high flow pump
Country: Russia
Average price: RUB 45,641.
Rating (2019): 4.4

Before us is the most powerful high-traffic drainage pump, and many will probably ask why it is not in first place in the rating. Let us explain, it’s all about the basic technical characteristics, which are simply not needed for everyday use. Let's start in order: the throughput of this device is 8 cubic meters per hour. This is not much, if you do not take into account the fact that the pump is capable of lifting dirty water to a height of 15 meters, while the maximum particle size is 20 millimeters, that is, it is capable of working not just with dirty water, but with the most littered wastewater objects.

It should also be taken into account that the pump does not operate from a standard network, but from 380 volts and consumes 1.1 kilowatts. Simply put, you simply won’t be able to install it at home without connecting to an additional high-voltage network. This equipment can be classified as industrial, which is precisely the reason for placing it in a not very honorable place in our rating.

3 Makita PF1010

Highest quality
Country: Japan
Average price: 6,219 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Everyone is familiar with the Japanese brand Makita. It produces a huge range of tools and equipment, including surface pumps and drainage devices. The main advantage of all equipment of this brand, including this pump, is high reliability and build quality. As real users note in their reviews, the device works flawlessly and does not require repairs for a long time. It is made with the highest possible quality, but what about technical characteristics?

The first thing that catches your eye is its compact size. The equipment is small and weighs only five kilograms, despite this, it is capable of lifting dirty water from a well up to 5 meters deep, and the maximum productivity is 14 and a half cubic meters per hour. This is quite a lot, especially considering the relatively low level of energy consumption, which is only 1 kilowatt. For ordinary surface pumps this is a lot, but for devices operating in sewers it is quite acceptable, especially considering the high throughput.

2 Grundfos Sololift 2 C-3

High throughput
Country: Denmark
Average price: RUB 21,963.
Rating (2019): 4.7

In second place in the ranking of the best sewage installations is the Grundfos Sololift 2 C-3 model. Despite the high price, it is loved by many customers for its reliability and performance. With a power of 640 W, it provides a throughput of 14.4 cubic meters. m/hour and creates a pressure of 8.5 meters. Sewage installation combines up to 7 water intake points, which allows you to connect several sources of contaminated water.

Among strengths Buyers of this installation highlight good equipment, high speed of operation and quality of components. The device has small dimensions and a weight of 6.6 kg, which allows it to be installed almost anywhere. The disadvantages of this model are the need to regularly clean the float for the pump to operate correctly and the operation is quite noisy.

1 WATERSTRY WFM 7-8

Best pump with grinder
Country: China
Average price: RUB 11,368.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Dirty water is not the most difficult task for sump and surface pumps. Filters of varying degrees of purification can handle it quite well. The sewage pump faces a much more difficult task, and this model is equipped, in addition to filters, with a grinder. That is, the output is simply dirty water, which goes into a pit or sewer network.

This model is submersible, that is, it is installed directly on the bottom of a well or septic tank, and everything would be fine if not for a number of negative user reviews. The fact is that the mechanism parts are made of plastic. Durable, but still plastic, and it copes very poorly with hard inclusions. For example, the device can handle paper or muddy deposits without difficulty, but for example, branches that accidentally fall into the drainage can cause serious damage to the mechanisms. Simply put, it is better not to use this model in open wells and septic tanks, and also avoid installation in swimming pools, even despite the fact that the manufacturer claims the opposite.

The best pumping stations

A modern option for water supply in country house is the installation of a pumping station. It is a unit that performs many useful types of work without human intervention. The integral elements of the station are a pump, a hydraulic accumulator, a float system, and pressure sensors. For correct installation and connecting the pumping station, you should contact water supply specialists.

4 GARDENA 3000/4 Classic

Compact form factor
Country: Germany
Average price: 8,830 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.7

A German brand that produces everything from axes and rakes to high-tech equipment. The company’s product range also includes pumping stations, and the main advantage of this model is its compactness. It has the most convenient form factor, allowing you to place the pump in the most cramped conditions. Very convenient for houses that do not have extra square meters.

Now regarding quality. Like all products of this brand, the pump is distinguished by high build quality and reliability. What real customers clearly say in their reviews. True, repairs are quite expensive, and there are few spare parts on the market, but they are required extremely rarely, and this is a huge advantage over competitors. Reviews also note a very quiet operating mode. All parts are fitted so neatly and tightly that even after long-term use, no backlash or rattling appears anywhere. Simply put, if you're looking for a pump that will last for years to come, definitely consider this option.

3 VORTEX ASV-1200/24N

Reliability and durability
Country: Russia (manufactured in China)
Average price: 7,480 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The domestic development VORTEX ASV-1200/24N deservedly made it to the top of our rating. The model is made of stainless steel, which makes it reliable and durable. The station is controlled using the latest electronic system. It allows you to efficiently consume electricity and gives the station stability in operation. Most often, the device is purchased by owners of country houses and dachas. The station is equipped with the most powerful motor (1.2 kW), which allows for record productivity (4.2 cubic meters per hour) and excellent pressure (40 m). Immersion depth is limited to 9 m.

In reviews, users note the unpretentiousness of the VIHR ASV-1200/24N pumping station, reliability and durability. The presence of mechanical impurities in the pumped water is allowed within 150 g/cubic meter. m.

2 DENZEL PSD800C

Maximum head (45 m)
Country: China
Average price: RUB 9,717.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The best option for organizing a water supply system is to use a DENZEL PSD800C pumping station. Thanks to a maximum pressure of 45 m, the device is capable of lifting water from wells and boreholes. The suction depth is 20 m. Thanks to a powerful electric motor (800 W), the station has a decent throughput capacity (2.4 cubic meters per hour). The manufacturer has equipped the pump with an automatic system that independently turns the electric motor on and off as water is consumed.

Positive user reviews indicate the high quality of the DENZEL PSD800C pumping station. The device pleasantly surprises with its power and pressure, the largest suction depth among its competitors. Please note that the pump is not suitable for pumping out dirty water, which contains mechanical impurities.

1 GILEX Jumbo 50/28 Ch-14

Best price
Country: Russia
Average price: 6,200 rub.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Serious pumping equipment affordable price offered by a domestic manufacturer. GILEX Jumbo 50/28 Ch-14 is equipped with a built-in ejector connected to pipelines. This operating scheme ensures efficient water absorption. With a power of 520 W, the device is capable of pumping 3 cubic meters. m of liquid per hour. The pressure is limited to 28 m. The pump can operate with dirty water containing dissolved gases. Reliable protection against leaks provides the device with graphite-ceramic seals. Experts especially highlight the progressive squirrel-cage system in the electric motor.

Users note such advantages of the GILEX Jumbo 50/28 Ch-14 pumping station as soft start, reasonable price, no dry running. The device is reliably protected from voltage surges; it consumes electrical energy economically.

A surface pump is a device designed for work without immersion in the work environment(only the water intake hose is immersed there).

This is very convenient, as it greatly simplifies the care and maintenance of the device; you can always inspect it and troubleshoot problems. The same cannot be said about submersible ones, the work with which becomes significantly more complicated. However, this advantage causes a significant disadvantage: the surface pump does not have enough power to lift water from great depths.

The maximum depth for this type of equipment is 10 m, and at this level there is still water undrinkable. So for the source drinking water the unit is not suitable.

But if you need process water for work such as watering a garden, pumping water from a basement or an artificial pond, then feel free to purchase a surface pump!

Classification

This type of equipment is usually divided into two types: vortex and centrifugal pumps. They differ in technical characteristics, purpose and functional features.

Vortex

This type has less power and is able to work only at shallow depths. Coefficient useful action the device is only 45%, it is practically not used for water intake. It is often used when the water pressure is insufficient.

It is capable of increasing pressure by about 4-7 times.

The advantages of the equipment include, first of all, simplicity of design (and therefore ease of care and maintenance), as well as relatively low cost (unlike other types of similar equipment).

But be careful when buying a pump: if your water contains abrasive particles, then it is simply not advisable to purchase such equipment - its use in such an environment will lead to too rapid wear and, ultimately, malfunction.

Centrifugal

This type Surface pumps are a must, by the way, if you need more powerful and efficient equipment.

This pump has a much higher efficiency and is suitable for supplying water from a pond or shallow well (approximately 10 m).

In addition, it is more powerful and can work not only with water, but also with other working media, which cannot be said about a vortex pump. A self-priming device also has such advantages as strength of parts, reliability of design, and longer service life.

However, its cost also differs, and quite significantly. This is perhaps the only thing in which it is inferior to the previous species.

Operating principle

The speed and pressure of water changes as it passes through the pump due to the rotation of wheels running on the operating shaft, which is supported by bearings. The wheels are located on an axle, the energy from which is transferred to the water using special blades placed on the wheel.

As for the operating principle of the vortex pump, it is similar to that described above.

Popular installation models

To make it easier for you to choose the right device, here are five popular models of surface pumps with different technical characteristics, different prices and functional features.

Speroni KPM 50

• This model is intended for domestic water supply.
• The maximum depth of water rise is 7 meters.
• The flow part of the apparatus is made of bronze and cast iron.

Advantages:

• compactness,
• almost complete absence of noise during operation,
• strength of parts,
• ease of care and low maintenance.

This model costs an average of 3,900 rubles.

Marina KPM 50

This unit features good performance at relatively low cost. electricity. It is designed for pressurizing domestic water supply systems.

It is important to understand that this pump is designed to work with clean water.

When using it with an aggressive environment or dirty water containing sand and other particles, problems and even malfunctions may occur, and the service life in this case is significantly reduced.

The cost of the device is approximately 3860 rubles.

Speroni CAM 40-HL

This model has wide range applications. It is designed to work with clean water that does not contain sand, clay, abrasive particles and other impurities. The maximum suction depth is 9 meters.

The cost of the unit is up to 5 thousand rubles.

CALPEDA NGLM 2

This model of self-priming monoblock centrifugal pump is designed for pumping clean water free of debris, sand, clay and other hard or fibrous particles. It is possible to pump water mixed with air or other gases.

It has a number of advantages:

• reliable design and durable parts,
• top quality materials,
• long service life,
• good efficiency.

Of course, with so many advantages, the high cost is quite natural. The price of the device is 11,545 rubles.

SPERONI RSM 5GA

The device is capable of pumping water from a depth of up to 7.5 meters.

This multi-stage self-priming pump is designed to handle clean water without dirt or other impurities. Also used to regulate pressure within a water supply system. Effective for economic purposes (works with process water). The price of the device is approximately 12,680 rubles.

Depending on the power and permissible suction depth, some models are suitable not only for household tasks, but also for agriculture.

A low-power vortex pump is also suitable for a dacha if you only need to water the garden and provide some minimal household needs. However, if you, for example, have a small farm, such a unit will no longer be enough.

Therefore, when choosing equipment, take into account the requirements for it and the purposes for which you are purchasing it.

In order for your pump to serve properly and for as long as possible, you should follow several important rules and adhere to the following recommendations:

• Use the equipment for its intended purpose. For example, using a centrifugal pump with a built-in ejector, designed to work with clean water, to pump diesel fuel or diesel fuel will certainly lead to a malfunction. has its own specific features.
• Keep the pump in a dry place with suitable temperature conditions. There are no strict restrictions here, the main thing is that the equipment does not suffer from harmful influences extreme temperatures and sudden changes.
• If you want to store the pump without using it, this must also be done according to the rules: the reservoir and hoses must not contain moisture; It is recommended to store the unit in special boxes.

Choose equipment that clearly meets your needs and requirements.

By following these simple rules and adhering to the recommendations, you can choose the right device, make its operation more efficient, and also maximize the service life of your pump.

During the installation of equipment for wells, submersible structures are often used. But surface aggregates are often used. The described structures are not lowered into water, so their body is not exposed to the negative effects of the environment. Surface devices are divided into vortex and centrifugal. The first type of devices is used to lift water with increasing pressure, and the second are designed to lift liquid from shallow wells. It is worth remembering that if an artesian well is created on the site, it is worth purchasing more expensive and powerful equipment, since only powerful units are capable of lifting water from a depth of more than 20 meters.

Advantages and disadvantages of surface mechanisms

In the case where a shallow well was drilled at the site, surface devices are used. Such mechanisms have many advantages when compared with deep-well electric pumps:

The disadvantages of the described electric pumps include the ability to operate only at shallow depths. Another disadvantage is that for normal operation of the device it is necessary to install special filtering equipment. If this is not done, the mechanism may fail.

Before turning on the surface pump, you should make sure that it will not begin to pump air during operation. Disadvantages also include high level noise during pump operation. It is worth remembering that surface self-priming pumps can only be installed in insulated structures.

How to choose

Before choosing an electric pump for a well on your site, you need to learn about the criteria on the basis of which it is worth purchasing such products. First of all, you need to know how much water will be pumped daily. To supply water to a country house, you will need a more powerful pump than a design for water supply to a greenhouse.

When choosing, the following data must be taken into account:

1. If 4 people live in the house for which the mechanism is purchased, you should choose a device that pumps 3 cubic meters of water per hour. This volume is enough for the whole family. If it is necessary to pump water also to supply water to the greenhouse and vegetable garden, the consumption doubles.
2. When installing a surface mechanism to provide water to a townhouse, you need to purchase devices with a capacity of more than 5 cubic meters.

The well for the surface pump, which is created on the site, must have a depth of less than 20 meters. If the depth is greater, you need to take a closer look at more powerful types of devices. Typically, centrifugal pumps are purchased for wells deeper than 25 meters.

How does the installation work?

Installation of the electric pump is quite simple. In order to start using the device, you only need to select a location for installation and then connect the pipes. To perform such work, it is not necessary to hire specialists, but to install the pump you must have minimal experience working with plumbing equipment.

The pump is installed as follows:

1. At the first stage, the location for the equipment to be installed is selected. It is best to prepare a separate structure for installation. It is worth placing it near the well. It is worth remembering that it is necessary to insulate the created structure.
2. After this the creation occurs concrete foundation for the mechanism. Metal fasteners for the described equipment are installed in the base. Metal studs allow you to neutralize the load that constantly affects the structure during operation. If equipment is not protected, vibration may cause it to become unusable. short term. At this same stage, the installation of a surface electric pump occurs.
3. Then the equipment is installed to control the unit. Many automatic systems are already configured and ready for installation. If you have the knowledge, you can assemble the pump control unit in parts. If you are not familiar with the structure of such mechanisms, you should not assemble them yourself. This unit includes sensors as well as control relays that control the water level and other parameters. When the water supply stops, the relays help stop the pump.
4. The next step is to connect the pump pipe to the water supply system. During connection, it is necessary to install a check valve on the pipeline. This device prevents water from overflowing and draining after the pump is turned off.
5. Then the expansion tank is installed. Before you start connecting, you should check the pressure in the chamber. This indicator must correspond to that declared by the manufacturer. If the pressure does not match, it must first be adjusted.
6. At the last stage, the cables for the installed surface electric pump are connected. In this case, it is important to make a dedicated line for supplying electricity.

After connecting the surface pump to the well, it is necessary to check its functionality before turning it on for continuous pumping of water.

When installing equipment for wells, pumps are used various types. Submersible pumps are most often used, but there are a number of situations where surface pumps are most preferable. Their installation differs from the installation of a conventional submersible pump, but they do not need to be immersed in water, which means the housing is not exposed to such negative influences. Maintenance of such equipment is much simpler and faster; if necessary, it is easy to check and adjust the pump.

The surface pump, which is used for wells and wells, can be divided into several types. There are centrifugal and vortex, which are used most often. The first ones are designed to lift water from wells and shallow wells from 6 m to 9 m. Vortex ones are used for uninterrupted supply of water with increasing pressure. Centrifugal ones are less expensive and easier to install. They cannot be used for deep wells. If you plan to install artesian well, then special equipment must be purchased, since the depth is large, and not every unit can cope with such work.

Pros and cons of surface pumps

If a shallow well is drilled at the site, then a surface pump is suitable for it. Such equipment has numerous advantages compared to deep-well pumps. Among the undeniable advantages it should be noted:

1. The dimensions of the equipment are small, such a unit will not take up much space. There is no need to build a large and heavy foundation, and the dimensions of the caisson can be small.
2. Surface pumps are cheaper and there is no need to use special equipment or tools for installation. Automatic control units are purchased ready-made, their cost is not too high.
3. The service life, according to the manufacturers’ instructions, is more than 5 years, but the equipment pays for itself in just 2 years, which greatly distinguishes it from submersible pumps, which are used in a more aggressive environment.
4. Installation of the device is simple, just connect the pipes and cables, and then check the operation. An accumulator tank is used together with surface equipment; it contains a supply of water.
5. The pressure, flow rate and other characteristics are excellent; the equipment ensures uninterrupted water supply under all conditions.
6. Electricity consumption is minimal, such equipment can be called economical.
7. You can use a surface pump for a well or shallow well, and this is beneficial for summer cottage. The water column may have minimum height only 70-80 cm; for other models such working conditions are unacceptable.
8. During operation of the equipment, there is no contact between the power supply cable and water, which is so important for ensuring safety.
9. If, when drawing water, the mirror lowers and air pumping begins, the automation stops the device. No damage will be caused to the equipment if the pump runs without water for some time.
10. The repair is simple, there is no need to lift it to the surface, parts are easily replaced.

There are also disadvantages to installing equipment on the surface:

1. The well can only be shallow.
2. There is a need to install special filtering equipment, otherwise the pump will fail.
3. Before turning on the pump, it is necessary to fill it with water.
4. There is a lot of noise during operation, which may disturb those living in the house.
5. The equipment can only be used in an insulated structure; the caisson must be thermally insulated.

How to choose a surface pump for your home?

To pumping unit worked correctly and for a long time, it is necessary to approach the choice of equipment responsibly.

Usually, for houses with shallow wells and wells, surface pumps are used, but their operation is extremely simple, it is constantly supported by automation, which makes maintenance easier.

The choice of pump is made based on what exactly the water will be used for. For example, the water consumption for a garden or vegetable garden, greenhouse will be one, but for water supply to a house - completely different.

When choosing, you must be guided by the following data:

1. If a family of 3-4 people permanently lives in a house, it is best to use pumps whose productivity is approximately 3 cubic meters of water per hour. This is quite enough to supply the house and meet all the family’s water needs. If water supply is required for a greenhouse and vegetable garden, then the consumption will almost double.
2. For apartment building or townhouse, it is necessary to use surface pumps with a capacity of 5 cubic meters or more, but based on 2 families. For 4 families, equipment is used, the productivity of which is already from 6-7 cubic meters.

Surface pump installation

Installation of a surface pump is not complicated; it consists in choosing a place for installation on the surface, after which all pipes and communications are connected. It is not at all necessary to call expensive teams to install the device. But you need to have experience working with plumbing equipment and pumps, as the device will need to be configured.

Installation of surface equipment is carried out as follows:

1. First you need to choose a place to install the equipment; it is best to do this in a well caisson or in a specially installed structure that is installed near the wells. Thermal insulation of a caisson or house is mandatory.
2. The surface pump must be mounted on the foundation. First, the concrete base is poured, and special metal mounting pins will be installed into it. This helps neutralize the loads caused by motor vibration, and the life of the pump will be significantly increased. It is important to protect equipment from such loads, as they not only render the mechanism unusable, but also contribute to the damage of other automatic equipment.
3. Automatic control systems are mandatory, since it is with their help that the pump will be operated and controlled. Such systems are selected individually; today there is a wide variety of them on the market. It is better to take the blocks ready-made, they are completely balanced. You can also assemble such a block with your own hands, but if you have no experience in this, then it is better not to risk it. The control unit includes sensors and relays that monitor the productivity of the well, the level of the surface film of water, etc. If the water supply suddenly stops, then such relays stop the pump and give a special signal.
4. The installation further involves connecting the device’s branch pipe to a special supply water pipe, which is lowered into the borehole or well. A check valve must be installed on the pipeline. It is this that will prevent water from overflowing and draining when the pump turns off.
5. Then a special hydraulic accumulator, i.e., an expansion tank, is installed. Before connecting it, you need to immediately check the pressure that is observed in the chamber. It must fully comply with what is declared by the manufacturer for operating conditions. If the air chamber pressure does not match the required one, it must be adjusted.
6. After this, you need to connect the electrical cables for the pump. It is important to immediately provide a dedicated line for supplying electricity; many experts advise focusing on a three-phase system.

How does the equipment function?

The pump is filled with water from a well or well (this is mandatory), and then turned on. It is necessary to fill the expansion tank with water to the level that is set, then automatic system will stop the pump itself.

When the water in the tank runs out, that is, it is completely used up for the needs of the house or garden, automatic block will turn on the pump. You can set a trial mode to see exactly how the surface pump behaves and whether there are any problems.

If a well or a well, the depth of which is relatively shallow, is used for a summer cottage, then a surface pump will be the best way out of the situation. Its cost is reasonable, and installation is quite simple, since the device is placed on the surface. Caring for the device does not require any special actions; all the work is done automatically.