Pondweed (plant) – description, beneficial properties, application. Floating pondweed: description, growing conditions Flattened pondweed
IN natural conditions floating pondweed, or as it is also called, floating pondweed, grows in reservoirs in the European part of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. The plant can be found in rivers and marshy ponds of Western Europe, Scandinavia, the Balkan Peninsula, North America, Central Asia, North Africa, China and Japan.
Floating pondweed is perennial, having a tuberous rhizome and round or ovoid leaves, located on small-branched stems, the length of which can reach 1.5 m. The main part of the leaves of the plant float on the surface of the water. The leaves are relatively large, up to 12 cm long and about 3-5 cm wide. The top of the leaf is shiny, as if covered with varnish.
Pondweed is a floating regular in virtually all bodies of water. During a drought, when the reservoir dries up, the plant, as if nothing had happened, continues to grow outside the water. Under acceptable conditions, the plant can bloom in the period from July to August, releasing an emergent spike-shaped inflorescence, up to 10 cm high, with inconspicuous flowers greenish color which is pollinated by the wind. When the plant blooms, all its underwater leaves disappear. Floating pondweed prefers running water, which explains why it can be found more often in rivers than in bodies of standing water. In some bodies of water, the plant grows so large that it forms a dense carpet of leaves, which in some cases interferes with navigation.
I would like to say right away that the plant is rarely found in amateur aquariums and this is primarily due to the fact that it is unattractive. All the decorativeness of this species appears when you look at it from above, which is not always possible due to the aquarium lid. Nevertheless, the plant can be successfully used, for example, in spawning aquariums, where it can serve as an excellent substrate for the spawning of many species of fish. The plant also enriches water well with oxygen.
Water parameters must satisfy the following conditions: temperature 23-30°C, hardness dH 7-15°, acidity pH 7.0-8.0.
The soil should be silted, with a high clay content.
Floating pondweed is propagated by seeds and vegetatively, by cuttings. In winter, the plant disappears, forming winter buds, which give life to a new plant with the beginning of spring.
The stem is hollow, rounded, slightly branched, 60 to 150 cm high, with submerged and floating leaves. The basal leaves are lanceolate, narrow-linear, on petioles up to 50 cm long, with stipules up to 15 cm long. The floating leaves are leathery, dense, green-brown with arcuate veins, oval-shaped and pointed at the ends. Peduncles with a spike-shaped inflorescence rise 10-15 cm above the water. The flowers are inconspicuous, pale green, the nut-shaped fruits spread across the water long distances. The flowering period takes place in June and July, the fruits ripen from July to August. The plant reproduces vegetatively and by seeds relatively quickly, and in shallow water it often completely fills the surface of a small reservoir. Pondweed is readily eaten by waterfowl and fish; the plant part can be used as fertilizer for growing crops. WITH therapeutic purpose grass and leaves are collected from June to August, first washed, then dried in the shade.
The healing effect of floating pondweed. Floating pondweed is used only in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, sedative. Infusions and decoctions of leaves and stems are taken orally and used externally for ulcers and wounds, and for itchy skin rashes. It is believed that the plant accelerates the healing process of various inflammations and helps with digestive disorders.
Chemical composition. Not studied enough. Ascorbic acid and carotenoids were found in the leaves, and alkaloids in the seeds.
Contraindications. Side effects are not known, individual intolerance is possible.
Folk recipes.
A decoction of leaves or stems of floating pondweed.
Brew one tablespoon of carefully crushed raw materials with a glass of boiling water. Leave for 2 hours, strain.
Method of application No. 1.
Drink one tablespoon three times a day to treat diarrhea.
Method of application No. 2.
For itching skin diseases use the decoction for washing and compresses.
Method of application No. 3.
A cotton gauze bandage soaked in the broth is applied for 5-10 minutes for traumatic pain, boils, abscesses, and various dermatitis. The decoction has an astringent, wound-healing effect; it is also used for washing open and festering wounds.
A; m. Vodnoe herbaceous plant with a long stem and small floating leaves. * * * pondweed is a genus of perennial aquatic grasses of the pondweed family. About 100 species throughout to the globe. Grows in stagnant or slowly flowing fresh or... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (Potamogeton), a genus of plants of the family. pondweed (Potamogetonaceae) of the order Naiadae. Perennial, b. including underwater grasses, sometimes the upper leaves float on the surface of the water. The flowers are small, bisexual, in spikes, usually located above the water; ... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
RDEST, RDESTA, husband. (bot.). An aquatic plant with a very long stem and small oval or narrow leaves. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
RDEST, rdestnik husband. zhogla plant, Potamogeton; P. natans, water cabbage; P. pusillus, surfacing, kundurak. Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. V.I. Dahl. 1863 1866 … Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
A genus of perennial aquatic grasses of the pondweed family. OK. 100 species, all over the globe. They grow in standing or slowly flowing fresh or brackish waters, sometimes forming extensive thickets. Many types of food for fish and other animals... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
M. An aquatic plant with a very long stem and small oval or narrow leaves, submerged in water up to the inflorescence or with leaves partially floating on the surface. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary Russian language Efremova
Generic name plants of the family reddesovyh. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910 ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Noun, number of synonyms: 5 flea grass (3) tormented grass (5) kidney grass (3) ... Dictionary of synonyms
Books
- New Russian Encyclopedia. In 12 volumes. Volume 13(2). Portuguese - Rdest, New Russian Encyclopedia (NRE) - a fundamental universal reference and information publication that presents readers with a picture of the world that reflects the current state of scientific knowledge.… Category: Encyclopedias, reference books Series: New Russian Encyclopedia in 12 volumes ("Encyclopedia", "INFRA-M") Publisher: Infra-M, Encyclopedia,
- New Russian Encyclopedia Volume 13 Part 2 Portuguese - Rdest, Danilov-Danilyan V. (ed.), New Russian Encyclopedia (NRE) is a fundamental universal reference and information publication that presents readers with a picture of the world that reflects the current state of scientific knowledge. ... Category:
Individual shoots or parts thereof can break off and float freely in the water, continuing their development. Pondweed feeds on aquatic mollusks, insects, and fish. Many fish spawn in the pondweed thickets. Dead shoots fall to the bottom. As they decompose, they turn into fertile silt.
Pondweeds present an exceptional variety of leaf patterns, from oval to ribbon-shaped. At the base of the leaf, free or fused with the petiole, transparent membranous stipules protrude. They bloom in the air, displaying spike-shaped inflorescences of marsh-colored unsightly flowers above the water in July - August. Many species are hidden underneath water surface Russian reservoirs.
 Pondweed floating- Potamogeton natans The most noticeable pondweeds are with floating leaves. One is called that - r. floating (P. natans) with shiny, varnished, oval-shaped leaves floating on the surface. It does not retain underwater leaves at the time of flowering. When the reservoir dries out, it continues to live in a terrestrial form with leathery, heart-shaped leaves on the petioles. A common plant of lakes, ponds, and rivers. Prefers slow flowing water. The spike-shaped inflorescence is greenish, rises above the water, blooms in June-August. R. alpine(P. alpinus) with reddish floating leaves and a simple stem retains narrow underwater leaves up to 25 cm long, just in case. U r. cereal(P. gramineus) underwater leaves on a branched stem do not exceed 8 cm. Very variable appearance: when buried, it can completely lose floating leaves, and when the reservoir dries out, it takes on a terrestrial form with leathery leaves narrowed into petioles. Photo by EDSR. |
Pondweeds with submerged leaves:
Location: All pondweeds grow well in fertile, organic-rich soil. The preferred immersion depth varies: if pondweeds with floating leaves can grow in very shallow water, then submerged ones need at least 20-30 cm to sit comfortably. Almost everyone can live both standing and slowly flowing water, but r. comb grows well in fast water streams. The cuttings are planted in a container with fertile soil or heated with a load at a suitable depth in a natural reservoir. They grow in both sun and partial shade.
Care: limit the spread, but it is almost impossible to remove established pondweed. Pondweeds overwinter at the bottom of reservoirs and do not require shelter or other winter storage measures.
Reproduction: cuttings in spring and summer, sections of rhizomes, as well as seeds. The seeds are collected at the end of the lice period, when they separate from the plant and float on the surface of the water. The seeds are rolled into lumps of clay and dipped in in the right places into the pond on muddy soil, to a depth of 40-90 cm (for comb and shiny pondweeds - to a depth of 1.5 m).
Usage: for different bodies of water depending on size. Suitable for streams are r. brilliant, r. comb, r. pierced-leaved.
Pondweed is valued mainly because of its leaves, which look beautiful both in the depth and on the surface of the water. The elegant spike-shaped inflorescences also give the plant an original appearance. In addition, pondweed actively enriches the water with oxygen, is a refuge for various aquatic animals and fish, and is an excellent food for waterfowl. It can be grown in both large and small bodies of water and goes well with most aquatic and coastal plants.